Lab 9: Templates in C++

Instructions

• First read this page then start working on lab with the GitHub classroom link below.

• Use the code in the GitHub repository for this lab.

• Github Classroom Link: https://classroom.github.com/a/QNslZBCW

Objective

Develop an understanding of C++ templates, focusing on their application for code reusability and flexibility.

Exercise 1: Swap Function Template

Create a generic swap function using C++ templates that can interchange the values of two variables of any data type.

Put your code for this exercise in the swap.cpp file in the Exercise1 folder in your GitHub repository.

1. Create a function template called swapValues that can interchange the values of two variables of any data type.
2. The function should be able to handle different data types (e.g., int, float, double) for the the values to be swapped.
3. Update the main function in swap.cpp to demonstrate the usage of the swapValues function for different data types.
4. In the README.md file in your GitHub repository. Write a few sentences describing how you used a C++ template to create a generic swapValues function.

Exercise 2: Area Function Templates

Create function templates to calculate the area of different geometric shapes.

Put your code for this exercise in the area.cpp file in the Exercise2 folder in your GitHub repository.

1. Create three function templates that can calculate the area of different geometric shapes : calculateAreaSquare, calculateAreaRectangle, and calculateAreaCircle.
2. The function should be able to handle different data types (e.g., int, float, double) for the dimensions of the shapes.
3. Update the main function in area.cpp to demonstrate the usage of the calculateArea functions for different shapes and data types.
4. In the README.md file in your GitHub repository. Write a few sentences describing how you used a C++ template to create generic calculateArea functions.

Exercise 3: Vector Class Template

Implement a generic vector class in C++ using templates, providing a simplified version of the functionality offered by std::vector.

Put your code for this exercise in the Exercise3 folder in your GitHub repository.

1. Write a template class GenericVector with a template parameter for the element type.
2. Put this implementation into the files GenericVector.h and GenericVector.cpp
3. Use the non-generic versions IntVector.h and IntVector.cpp files to help guide your coding.
4. Update the main function in main.cpp to demonstrate the usage of GenericVector for different data types. Don’t forget to add GenericVector.h to main.cpp.
5. Modify the Makefile so that GenericVector.h and GenericVector.cpp are included when building the main target.
6. In the README.md file in your GitHub repository. Write a few sentences describing how you used a C++ template to create generic vector class declaration and implementation.